Emerging technologies in the field of button battery safety: a literature review

The ingestion of button batteries by children is a growing concern amongst both the public and Government. The Office for Product Safety and Standards is undertaking wide-ranging work to review and improve their safety.

This report considers emerging button battery technologies grouped in three categories:

  • bitterant-based and diagnostic methods
  • reactive safety technologies
  • safe-by-design methods

For each innovation, the report outlines:

  • the approach to minimising harm
  • the mechanism of physical or chemical action
  • the efficacy and effectiveness in reducing harm
  • the stage of research and development or commercialisation

For each technology category, the report discusses the current barriers to adoption into the market.

(Source: Office for Product Safety and Standards, 10 November 2025)

For more information on battery safety, please see 'Batteries'.